In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Meaning of Catchment Area 2. Slope of a Catchment Area 3. Relation of Catchment Area with Its Length 4. Watershed Leakage 5. Classification of Catchment Areas 6. Karst Topography 7. Catchment Flow Characteristics. Meaning of Catchment Area: Catchment area may be defined as the area from which the surface runoff is derived. [...]
The runoff from a catchment is estimated by the following methods: 1. Standard Tables 2. Empirical Formulae 3. Rainfall Runoff Correlation. Method # 1. Standard Tables: Observations of precipitation and the resulting runoff were taken for a number of catchments having different characteristics. Tables are prepared showing the relation between precipitation and the resulting runoff, taking into consideration the catchments. [...]
The factors affecting the runoff are as follows: 1. Precipitation 2. Size and Shape of the Catchment Area 3. Geographical Characteristics 4. Meteorological Characteristics 5. Drainage Net 6. Other Factors. Factor # 1. Precipitation: The runoff is clearly a function of precipitation, its intensity, its duration and its coverage. More the intensity, more will be the runoff. The infiltration rate [...]