Accurate computation of runoff amount from a watershed is difficult, as it depends on several factors concerned with the atmosphere and watershed characteristics, to evaluate which effect on runoff is not so easy. On the basis of field experiences and observations, the following methods are frequently used in the field of soil and water conservation for estimating the maximum or [...]
In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Meaning of Catchment Area 2. Slope of a Catchment Area 3. Relation of Catchment Area with Its Length 4. Watershed Leakage 5. Classification of Catchment Areas 6. Karst Topography 7. Catchment Flow Characteristics. Meaning of Catchment Area: Catchment area may be defined as the area from which the surface runoff is derived. [...]
The runoff from a catchment is estimated by the following methods: 1. Standard Tables 2. Empirical Formulae 3. Rainfall Runoff Correlation. Method # 1. Standard Tables: Observations of precipitation and the resulting runoff were taken for a number of catchments having different characteristics. Tables are prepared showing the relation between precipitation and the resulting runoff, taking into consideration the catchments. [...]